Efficacy and tolerability of a once daily formulation of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761® in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia: results from a randomised controlled trial

Pharmacopsychiatry. 2012 Mar;45(2):41-6. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1291217. Epub 2011 Nov 15.

Abstract

Introduction: A 24-week randomised controlled trial was conducted to assess the efficacy of a 240 mg once-daily preparation of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761® in 404 outpatients ≥ 50 years diagnosed with mild to moderate dementia (SKT 9-23), Alzheimer's disease (AD) or vascular dementia (VaD), with neuropsychiatric features (NPI total score ≥ 5).

Methods: Separate analyses were performed for diagnostic subgroups (probable or possible AD; VaD).

Results: 333 patients were diagnosed with AD and 71 with VaD. EGb 761® treatment was superior to placebo with respect to the SKT total score (drug-placebo differences: 1.7 for AD, p<0.001, and 1.4 for VaD, p<0.05) and the NPI total score (drug-placebo differences: 3.1 for AD, p<0.001 and 3.2 for VaD, p<0.05). Significant drug-placebo differences were found for most secondary outcome variables with no major differences between AD and VaD subgroups. Rates of adverse events in EGb 761® and placebo groups were essentially similar.

Conclusion: EGb 761® improved cognitive functioning, neuropsychiatric symptoms and functional abilities in both types of dementia.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Alzheimer Disease / drug therapy*
  • Dementia, Vascular / drug therapy*
  • Female
  • Ginkgo biloba
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neuropsychological Tests / statistics & numerical data
  • Nootropic Agents / adverse effects*
  • Nootropic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Plant Extracts / adverse effects*
  • Plant Extracts / therapeutic use*
  • Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / statistics & numerical data

Substances

  • Nootropic Agents
  • Plant Extracts
  • Ginkgo biloba extract