Picking the right type of music, at the right time, and for the right task, can be a powerful productivity booster. At the same time, the specific types and aspects of music that influence our performance are variable. Here are a few things anyone interested in using music to improve their performance should consider:

• Your personality determines whether and how much you benefit from background music while you work. If you’re extroverted, your performance will likely increase with background music or minor distractions. Conversely, being an introvert increases the probability that you find any background noise, including music, distracting.
• Your choice of music is influenced by your desire to enhance certain moods, even when you’re not conscious of it. Most people perform best when they pick music that matches their natural personality.
• The effects of music on performance are largely dependent on task complexity. If you have to work on a boring or easy task (whether it is new or old), music can enhance your attention by providing extra stimulation to your brain.
• Background music can be a good antidote to other distractions. Even for those who prefer to work in silence, picking the right music is more likely to help them relax and focus than having to listen to their colleagues, kids, or strangers.
• Some studies report that background music is more beneficial (and less distracting) when it doesn’t have lyrics.