Minimizing the likelihood of blackouts is of the highest importance due to the significant effects that would result from partial or total blackouts in highly industrialized nations. Additional difficulties have been and will be posed by the growing use of renewable energy sources and the system’s geographic expansion through its integration of neighboring nations. The system will be operated closer to its limitations with fewer safety margins as a natural result of this development. If events occur that do not meet the design criteria, the system’s security will be even more compromised. These facts became evident during the recent incidents in the interconnected system in Spain, Portugal and France in April 2025. In light of this, it’s clear that protections against catastrophic events must be put in place and coordinated so that the power system and its consumers are not excessively affected. Read more https://lnkd.in/gP2pn8BD
EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal
Education Administration Programs
Belgrade, Serbia 279,281 followers
Energy & Power For All!
About us
EEP is portal dedicated to electrical science and education and it's core purpose is to spread knowledge and educate electrical engineers in fields of electricity, low voltage, medium voltage and high voltage applications as well as power monitoring, transmission and distribution systems, energy efficiency, and alternative energy sources.
- Website
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https://electrical-engineering-portal.com/
External link for EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal
- Industry
- Education Administration Programs
- Company size
- 2-10 employees
- Headquarters
- Belgrade, Serbia
- Type
- Educational
- Founded
- 2008
- Specialties
- electrical engineering, electricity, power substation, and technical articles
Locations
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Primary
Murska 10
Belgrade, Serbia 11000, RS
Employees at EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal
Updates
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Standard overcurrent protection schemes for passive radial systems assume single direction current flow. The addition of distributed generation (DG) presents issues for the protection scheme, as current can flow from multiple directions. This study investigates the impact of DGs on overcurrent protection designed for a radial system, and proposes solutions to address the issues. A realistic feeder system and its protection scheme are developed in PSCAD/EMTDC. A point-of-common-coupling (PCC) is identified, indicating the portion of feeder that can potentially operate as an island. One DG, with output adjusted to maintain a specified power flow at the PCC, is added to the feeder system. The performance of the overcurrent protection in the presence of line, ground, and three-phase faults is analyzed. More info https://lnkd.in/d_taccV5
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Three operating conditions are selected and it is verified that they are within the machine’s operating limits in both grid connected mode, and after transitioning to islanded mode. It is confirmed that in all three operating conditions, the first coordination time interval – CTI (0.3s) is not beyond the maximum time for which the generator can tolerate a fault without becoming unstable. Based on the results from the single-DG case, the radial feeder overcurrent protection scheme would exhibit similar issues in the two-DG feeder system. More info (PDF) https://lnkd.in/d_taccV5
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Why do we use directional overcurrent protection? When does fault current direction become important? Well, electrical power grid comprises a network of power stations, substations and transmission lines. As well as the simple single-end-fed radial system, there are other more complex systems such as double-end-fed power systems and parallel feeders in ring formation. In many cases, it is therefore not only necessary to know the magnitude of the fault current, but also its direction. Read more https://lnkd.in/gFj2_n7
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In the world of power systems, synchronization and reactive power control are crucial to maintaining stability, efficiency, and reliability. Synchronizing various power sources, such as generators and grids, ensures they operate in harmony to meet the demand and support the system’s overall health. Central to this process is the synchro check scheme, a protective mechanism that prevents the closing of circuit breakers under out-of-sync conditions, minimizing potential damage to equipment and ensuring the safe integration of power sources. This article begins by exploring the synchro check relay (ANSI Device 25) and its role in verifying essential parameters—frequency, voltage, and phase angle—before allowing connection. We will examine why synchronization is critical, delve into the core functionality of synchro check relays, and discuss key considerations and potential impacts of out-of-sync closing. Read more https://lnkd.in/dT_ht5FK
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Since the subject of this article is somewhat not-that-easy to understand, I suggest starting with the basics of the synchronous motor. In the synchronous motor, the basic magnetic field is obtained by direct current excitation rather than through the air gap from the armature, as is the case with induction motors. This article skims through motor starting methods, rotation directions, excitation modes, torque types, and a case study. The aim of this article is to describe the synchronous motor transient stability performance and formulate the relationship between the excitation mode and the synchronous motor stability performance. https://lnkd.in/gUjhnptw
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A number of measures can be taken to eliminate or reduce the effects of harmonic currents in the neutral conductor, in particular third harmonic currents. Let’s talk about the following five measures: modifications to the installation, star-delta transformer, transformer with zigzag secondary, reactance with zigzag connection and third order filter in the neutral. Read more https://lnkd.in/eGTdVGj
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Time Limited! 🎁 Save 15% with a coupon RLC15 on PRO Membership Plan! Nowadays, it's hard to get the 'experienced information'. This information does not come from books but experienced electrical engineers working in our industry for many years, and we can tell - it's tough to find. EEP's primary goal is to create the essence of it and put it in the premium membership bottle. This is what you get with our premium membership. Apply the Coupon RLC15 https://lnkd.in/dvv-xzkw
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Even with the best engineering practices, abnormal situations can arise that may produce damage to power transformer and other equipment and compromise the continuity of the delivery of quality power from the utility. So, let’s say a word about three transformer phenomena that every substation engineer should be aware: https://lnkd.in/g6k5Gtz
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The Kintampo power substation have two switchyards. One switchyards is 161 kV high voltage substation with 4 transmission lines, two step-down transformers, and 9 HV circuit breakers arranged in a breaker-and-a-half scheme. The other is a 34.5 kV distribution substation consisting of two incoming feeds arranged in a main-tie-main scheme with eight feeders. The two stations are connected with underground cables and are several hundred meters apart. This paper focuses on the communications aspects of the system. The protection applications are out of scope but are generally consistent with traditional methods of accelerating protection applications by sharing information between IEDs. More info (PDF) https://lnkd.in/d-ujjG49